The people in this group are, or are on their way to becoming, independent practitioners of the medical arts. Some are differentiated by their level of training and/or autonomy on the spectrum of medical practice (Attendings, Residents, Students), others by their training in a different medical tradition (Osteopathic Physicians), and still others by their specialized areas of practice (Dentists, Podiatrists). What they have in common is a high level of autonomy in practice and a commensurate level of responsibility. They also are required to complete many years of postgraduate professional education and training and must meet stringent requirements for licensure and certification.